Apoptosis

Scientific explanation

Intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic programmes remove damaged cells. Evasion of is a hallmark, via BCL-2 family imbalance, death- decoys, or p53 loss.

Cancers where relevant

Compounds that intersect this pathway

Tamoxifen

Selective estrogen- modulator that antagonizes ERα-driven in breast epithelium while retaining partial activity in some other tissues.

Evidence in mapped cancers: Established Oncology Use · Clinical / Human Evidence

Mebendazole

Benzimidazole that binds β-. Mammalian disruption, mitotic arrest and related signalling in cancer models are preclinical and are not an approved anticancer use.

Evidence in mapped cancers: In Vitro · In Vivo · Mechanistically Plausible

Fenbendazole

Veterinary benzimidazole with and experimental glucose-transport effects in cell models. Not an established human antineoplastic.

Evidence in mapped cancers: In Vitro · Hypothesis-Generating

Albendazole

Benzimidazole anthelmintic with effects; mammalian oncology readouts remain preclinical.

Melatonin

MT1/MT2 circadian with antioxidant chemistry. Adjunctive oncology hypotheses exist; circadian and redox effects should not be read as anticancer proof.

Evidence in mapped cancers: In Vitro · In Vivo · Mechanistically Plausible

Convergence partners

Other pathways that co-occur with Apoptosis on mapped adjunct records: Estrogen receptor, p53, Oxidative stress, Glycolysis.

This oncology atlas is educational. Pathway maps, adjunctive strategies, and compound listings describe mechanistic relevance. They do not establish clinical efficacy, do not recommend treatment, and are not a substitute for oncology care. Evidence tiers are not equivalent.